• Main themes
• Associated projects (2021 – 2026)

Earth Evolution & Landscapes

Issues addressed:
(i) Formation of the primitive Earth;
(ii) Differentiation, structure, and deformation of the Lithosphere;
(iii) Transfers at interfaces;
(iv) Construction and erosion of landscapes.

Geo-resources

Issues addressed:
(i) Genesis and establishment of strategic resources (e.g., Cu, Li, critical metals and elements, hydrocarbons);
(ii) Decarbonized energy resources (geothermal, natural hydrogen);
(iii) Conditions for sustainable exploitation of geo-resources;
(iv) Geomaterials.

Geological Hazards

Issues addressed:
(i) Characterization of seismic, volcanic, and gravitational hazards;
(ii) Assistance in monitoring and prevention of natural risks;
(iii) Structural imaging.

• Main themes
• Associated projects (2021 – 2026)

Major Hydrological & (Bio)geochemical Cycles

Issues addressed:
(i) Continental water and chemical element cycles;
(ii) Availability and quality of water resources;
(iii) Dynamics of major rivers and watersheds;
(iv) Fluid-rock-living interactions in the critical zone.

Paleo-environments & Paleo-biospheres

Issues addressed:
(i) Reconstruction of paleoenvironments, paleoclimates, and paleobiodiversities;
(ii) Climate evolution (deep-time to present).

Carbon & Greenhouse Gas Cycles

Issues addressed:
(i) Storage, sequestration, and use of carbon (CCUS);
(ii) Greenhouse gases (GHGs) in aquatic environments (major rivers, dams) or Arctic environments (permafrost).

• Main themes
• Associated projects (2021 – 2026)

Ecosystem Vulnerability & Territorial Habitability

Issues addressed: (i) Uses and quality of water and soils / Risks of contamination; (ii) Remediation and rehabilitation of exploited environments; (iii) Recycling, waste, urban mining.

Contaminant Cycle & Transfer

Issues addressed:
(i) Cycle of metallic, metalloid, microplastic, or biological contaminants;
(ii) Tracing of sources;
(iii) Fluid-rock-living interactions.

Health & Environmental Risks

Issues addressed:
(i) Interaction Contaminants – Environment – Health;
(ii) Water use and contamination risks.

• Main themes
• Associated projects (2021 – 2026)

Preparation / Exploitation of Space Missions – Solid Earth / Hydrology

Issues addressed: Earth or planetary observation missions (CNES/ESA)
(i) Earth reference system: GENESIS (ESA);
(ii) Gravity field: MAGIC/NGGM (NASA, ESA); GRACE-FO (NASA, DLR);
(iii) Space hydrology: SWOT (NASA, CNES);
(iv) Planets: MMX (JAXA, CNES), HERA (ESA)

Services to the International Community – Geodesy / Hydrology / Oceanography / Geochemistry

Issues addressed:
(i) Products & Geodetic Reference Systems (IAG/GGOS);
(ii) Services & Research Infrastructures in TS, SIC, OA domains.

Instrumentation & Experimentation – Geochemistry / Geophysics / Hydro-meteorology

Issues addressed:
Imaging / Signal Processing / AI Deep Learning:
(i) Hydrological/Meteorological Modeling (Prediction of precipitation by tele/audio-phonics networks; Automated water quality assessment chains);
(ii) Geophysical Modeling (Community codes in Seismic Wave Tomography and Propagation; Automatic classifications)
Modeling at geological time scales:
(i) Landscape evolution and grain transport;
(ii) Climate evolution and carbon cycle.
Instrumentation:
(i) Geochemistry (Low-cost sensors; Underwater samplers);
(ii) Geophysics (Magnetic microscope; Seismological antennas; Quantum gravimeters); …
Experimentation:
(i) Geochemistry (Determination of physico-chemical, kinetic, and thermodynamic constants);
(ii) In-situ experimentation of “fluid-rock” interactions).